What is the primary role of Coombs control cells in blood testing?

Coombs control cells play a vital role in blood testing, specifically in confirming the validity of antiglobulin test results. The antiglobulin test, also known as the Coombs test, is used to detect the presence of antibodies that may cause hemolytic reactions. Coombs control cells are standardized red blood cells that are coated with IgG antibodies. When these control cells are mixed with test serum and the antiglobulin test is performed, they provide a reference point to verify that the test is functioning correctly.

If the control cells react positively, it confirms that the test procedure was performed properly and that the reagents used are working effectively. Conversely, if the control cells do not react when expected, it indicates a problem with the test or the test reagents, suggesting that results obtained from patient samples may also be unreliable. Thus, the use of Coombs control cells is crucial for ensuring accurate and reliable results in immunohematology testing.