Which type of hypersensitivity is also known as delayed-type and mainly involves T-cells?

Prepare for the AAB Medical Technologist (MT) Generalist Exam with flashcards and multiple choice questions. Each question includes hints and explanations to boost your understanding. Get exam-ready now!

Type IV hypersensitivity, known as delayed-type hypersensitivity, is primarily mediated by T-cells rather than antibodies. This type of hypersensitivity reaction occurs after a delay of hours to days following exposure to an antigen. The process begins when an antigen is presented by antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as macrophages or dendritic cells, to naive T-cells. The activated T-cells then proliferate and release cytokines, which recruit and activate other immune cells, ultimately leading to inflammation and tissue damage.

This mechanism is exemplified in conditions like contact dermatitis, where substances such as poison ivy provoke a delayed allergic reaction. The role of T-cells is crucial in this hypersensitivity reaction, differentiating it from the other types, which mainly involve antibody-mediated responses or immediate reactions.

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